Infrared heating and air source heat pumps are two very different approaches to heating buildings. Each system delivers heat in a distinct way and is suited to different property types, insulation levels, and usage patterns.
This guide compares infrared heating with air source heat pumps in real UK conditions, focusing on how they perform in everyday use rather than headline efficiency figures alone.
How infrared heating works
Infrared heating uses radiant energy to warm people, surfaces, and objects directly rather than heating the air first. Panels are typically wall or ceiling mounted and begin delivering warmth as soon as they are switched on.
Because heat is absorbed by solid surfaces, infrared heating can feel comfortable at lower air temperatures and is often used where rooms are not heated continuously.
How air source heat pumps work
Air source heat pumps extract heat from the outside air and transfer it into a building using a refrigeration cycle. Heat is then distributed through water-based systems such as radiators or underfloor heating.
These systems are generally designed to operate continuously at lower temperatures, gradually maintaining a steady indoor environment.
See also how Ground source heat pumps work and compare
Performance and efficiency in real-world use
Air source heat pumps can achieve high seasonal efficiency when designed correctly and installed in well-insulated properties. Performance depends heavily on insulation levels, emitter sizing, and operating temperatures.
Infrared heating performance is unaffected by outdoor air temperature. Because it heats people and surfaces directly, it can be particularly effective in rooms used intermittently or where precise zoned control is required.
Side-by-side comparison
| Aspect | Infrared heating | Air source heat pumps |
|---|---|---|
| Best suited for | Zoned or intermittent heating | Continuous whole-home heating |
| Heat delivery | Radiant heat to people and surfaces | Warm air via water-based emitters |
| Installation | Minimal disruption | Outdoor unit, pipework, system design |
| Maintenance | Very low | Periodic servicing recommended |
Real-world usage scenarios
Intermittent or zoned heating
Spaces such as bathrooms, extensions, studios, workshops, and heritage buildings often benefit from infrared heating because warmth is delivered quickly to occupied areas only.
Whole-home continuous heating
Well-insulated homes that require steady, all-day heating may be better suited to air source heat pumps, where high seasonal efficiency can be achieved.
Installation and disruption
Air source heat pump installations typically involve outdoor units, pipework, and upgraded emitters, making them more suitable for new builds or major renovations.
Infrared heating systems can be installed with minimal disruption and are often chosen for retrofits, extensions, and buildings where invasive work is not practical.
Running costs
Running costs depend on how each system is used. Heat pumps can reduce electricity use per unit of heat when run continuously under suitable conditions.
Infrared heating can lower overall energy consumption by limiting heating to occupied rooms and reducing total run hours.
For a detailed cost comparison, see our guide on infrared heating vs heat pumps running costs .
Which system should you choose?
Air source heat pumps may suit properties with high insulation levels and a requirement for constant, whole-home heating.
Infrared heating may be more appropriate where zoned control, faster warm-up times, and minimal installation disruption are priorities.
Related heating system comparisons
Frequently asked questions
Is an air source heat pump always cheaper to run?
Not always. For intermittent or zoned use, infrared heating can reduce total run hours. For steady, whole-home heating in well-insulated properties, heat pumps are often more efficient.
Do infrared panels work with solar PV?
Yes. Infrared systems respond instantly and are well suited to using self-generated electricity in specific rooms or zones.
About us: We design and supply infrared heating systems for homes, businesses, and heritage buildings across the UK. For tailored advice, please contact our team.
